Rain gardens are an important, beautiful addition to any yard, especially those in urban landscapes. What is a rain garden? Well, in simple terms a rain garden is a landscaped area that is slightly depressed. When put in the correct location, these gardens absorb much of the rain runoff and snow meltoff that can become polluted when crossing roads, lawns, driveways and roofs.
The plants in rain gardens help filter out this water before it goes into storm drains and pollutes local bodies of water. Every time rain and snow run across these areas, the water picks up various pollutants such as pesticides, chemicals and fertilizers. Because the rain garden is slightly depressed, it helps the roots of these plants capture this polluted water and catches what is not easily absorbed.
The best plants for rain gardens are sturdy, native perennials that do well in both wet and dry conditions. Natives are hardier than non-native species; they require little maintenance, little fertilizers and have strong root systems that are accustomed to local soils.
When planning your rain garden, you'll need to take some measurements, pinpoint runoff locations and make final decisions regarding plants, location and size. During heavy spring rains, try to locate where your water runs to and where any puddles may develop. Start at your downspouts and follow water as it runs through your property toward storm drains.
For more information on how to plan and measure for your rain garden, visit the University of Wisconsin Extension's online pamphlet: Rain Gardens: A How-To Manual For Homeowners.
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